[Download] "Acceleration and Force Sensors" by Wayne Tustin, Deepak Jariwala & Jaime Boscá # eBook PDF Kindle ePub Free

eBook details

Title: Acceleration and Force Sensors
Author : Wayne Tustin, Deepak Jariwala & Jaime Boscá
Release Date : January 04, 2013
Genre: Engineering,Books,Professional & Technical,Education,
Pages : * pages
Size : 27552 KB

Description

You will probably not use sensors that respond to vibratory displacement or sensors that respond to velocity (eBook 6). But you will use sensors that respond to vibratory acceleration … accelerometers. Whereas a microphone responds to changes in pressure, an accelerometer responds to changes in motion. An accelerometer senses the motion of a structure to which it is attached. Specifically, it senses acceleration, the second time derivative of displacement, velocity being the first. An accelerometer converts motion into an electrical signal. We measure that signal in order to determine the acceleration of some structure. Particularly at higher frequencies (e.g. 1,000 Hz), we find that our displacements and sometimes velocities are so small that measuring them is difficult. Yet accelerations and thus accelerometer output signals may be reasonably large and easy to measure. We’ll see accelerometers used to gather in-flight data on spacecraft, rockets, aircraft, ships, automobiles ……… a wide variety of vehicles. Often that data is used in generating environmental vibration and shock testing specifications (eBooks 18, 22, 30). In the lab, accelerometers tell a specialized shaker control computer (and the operator) how closely a shaker is meeting the test specification. An entirely different application: attached to a machine, changes in the acceleration spectrum (or “signature”) indicate internal wear or damage and need for maintenance (eBook 11). Others: inside my computer, an accelerometer alerts protection if my computer is falling. Inside my pacemaker, an accelerometer increases heart pumping when I move.

7.1. Strain gage (SG) and piezoresistive (PR) accelerometers

7.2. Piezoelectric (PE) accelerometers

7.3. Capacitive accelerometers

7.4. Tri-axial accelerometers

7.5. The hand-held accelerometer

7.6. Servo or force-balance accelerometer

7.7. Signal conditioning

7.8. Cable disconnects

7.9. Accelerometer mechanical errors

7.10. Static calibration

7.11. Dynamic calibration

7.12. Sensitivity

7.13. Avoid accelerometer bracket resonance

7.14. Mounting devices

7.15. Mounting method effects

7.16. Base bending sensitivity

7.17. Temperature changes affect sensitivity

7.18. Lateral or “cross-axis” sensitivity

7.19. How many accelerometers?

7.20. Effect of mass loading

7.21. Protect accelerometers

7.22. Torsional acceleration

7.23. Acceleration vs. velocity

7.24. Integration

7.25. Force sensors (load cells)

7.26. Smart sensors